The effects of resistance training on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in middle-aged adults
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The effects of resistance training on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in middle-aged adults. / Ruple, Bradley A.; Mattingly, Madison L.; Godwin, Joshua S.; McIntosh, Mason C.; Kontos, Nicholas J.; Agyin-Birikorang, Anthony; Michel, J. Max; Plotkin, Daniel L.; Chen, Shao-Yung; Ziegenfuss, Tim N.; Fruge, Andrew D.; Gladden, L. Bruce; Robinson, Austin T.; Mobley, C. Brooks; Mackey, Abigail L.; Roberts, Michael D.
I: FASEB Journal, Bind 38, Nr. 8, e23621, 2024.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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T1 - The effects of resistance training on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in middle-aged adults
AU - Ruple, Bradley A.
AU - Mattingly, Madison L.
AU - Godwin, Joshua S.
AU - McIntosh, Mason C.
AU - Kontos, Nicholas J.
AU - Agyin-Birikorang, Anthony
AU - Michel, J. Max
AU - Plotkin, Daniel L.
AU - Chen, Shao-Yung
AU - Ziegenfuss, Tim N.
AU - Fruge, Andrew D.
AU - Gladden, L. Bruce
AU - Robinson, Austin T.
AU - Mobley, C. Brooks
AU - Mackey, Abigail L.
AU - Roberts, Michael D.
N1 - © 2024 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Denervated myofibers and senescent cells are hallmarks of skeletal muscle aging. However, sparse research has examined how resistance training affects these outcomes. We investigated the effects of unilateral leg extensor resistance training (2 days/week for 8 weeks) on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in apparently healthy middle-aged participants (MA, 55 ± 8 years old, 17 females, 9 males). We obtained dual-leg vastus lateralis (VL) muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA), VL biopsies, and strength assessments before and after training. Fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), satellite cells (Pax7+), denervated myofibers (NCAM+), senescent cells (p16+ or p21+), proteins associated with denervation and senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) proteins were analyzed from biopsy specimens. Leg extensor peak torque increased after training (p < .001), while VL mCSA trended upward (interaction p = .082). No significant changes were observed for Type I/II fCSAs, NCAM+ myofibers, or senescent (p16+ or p21+) cells, albeit satellite cells increased after training (p = .037). While >90% satellite cells were not p16+ or p21+, most p16+ and p21+ cells were Pax7+ (>90% on average). Training altered 13 out of 46 proteins related to muscle-nerve communication (all upregulated, p < .05) and 10 out of 19 proteins related to cellular senescence (9 upregulated, p < .05). Only 1 out of 17 SASP protein increased with training (IGFBP-3, p = .031). In conclusion, resistance training upregulates proteins associated with muscle-nerve communication in MA participants but does not alter NCAM+ myofibers. Moreover, while training increased senescence-related proteins, this coincided with an increase in satellite cells but not alterations in senescent cell content or SASP proteins. These latter findings suggest shorter term resistance training is an unlikely inducer of cellular senescence in apparently healthy middle-aged participants. However, similar study designs are needed in older and diseased populations before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
AB - Denervated myofibers and senescent cells are hallmarks of skeletal muscle aging. However, sparse research has examined how resistance training affects these outcomes. We investigated the effects of unilateral leg extensor resistance training (2 days/week for 8 weeks) on denervated myofibers, senescent cells, and associated protein markers in apparently healthy middle-aged participants (MA, 55 ± 8 years old, 17 females, 9 males). We obtained dual-leg vastus lateralis (VL) muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA), VL biopsies, and strength assessments before and after training. Fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA), satellite cells (Pax7+), denervated myofibers (NCAM+), senescent cells (p16+ or p21+), proteins associated with denervation and senescence, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) proteins were analyzed from biopsy specimens. Leg extensor peak torque increased after training (p < .001), while VL mCSA trended upward (interaction p = .082). No significant changes were observed for Type I/II fCSAs, NCAM+ myofibers, or senescent (p16+ or p21+) cells, albeit satellite cells increased after training (p = .037). While >90% satellite cells were not p16+ or p21+, most p16+ and p21+ cells were Pax7+ (>90% on average). Training altered 13 out of 46 proteins related to muscle-nerve communication (all upregulated, p < .05) and 10 out of 19 proteins related to cellular senescence (9 upregulated, p < .05). Only 1 out of 17 SASP protein increased with training (IGFBP-3, p = .031). In conclusion, resistance training upregulates proteins associated with muscle-nerve communication in MA participants but does not alter NCAM+ myofibers. Moreover, while training increased senescence-related proteins, this coincided with an increase in satellite cells but not alterations in senescent cell content or SASP proteins. These latter findings suggest shorter term resistance training is an unlikely inducer of cellular senescence in apparently healthy middle-aged participants. However, similar study designs are needed in older and diseased populations before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
U2 - 10.1096/fj.202302103RRR
DO - 10.1096/fj.202302103RRR
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38651653
VL - 38
JO - F A S E B Journal
JF - F A S E B Journal
SN - 0892-6638
IS - 8
M1 - e23621
ER -
ID: 389510393