In order to assess perfusion and metabolic responses in relation to neural function we need to know the cellular signaling network, which types of neurons and astrocytes are involved, and the timing of their activation. We here present the basic electrophysiological indicators of neuronal function, short description of the methods commonly used for recording of electrophysiological signals, examples of data analysis and limitations of the methods. This chapter describes the origin of the extracellularly recorded electrical signal, with special regard to the EEG, local field potentials, and spikes in rodent preparation. We also describe methods for recording of cerebral blood flow (CBF), tissue partial pressure of oxygen (tpO2), and cytosolic calcium transients. We finally give examples where electrophysiology, blood flow, metabolism, and calcium transients have been studied together.